russell



(ModeL) 2 Sheets--Sheet 1.

- H. L. RUSSELL.

Indicator Look.

No. 232,069. Patented Sept. 7,1880.

.(ModeL) 2 sheet s Sheet 2.

H. L. RUSSELL. Indicator Look.

No. 232,069. Patented Spt. 7,1880.

-FETERS. PHOTO-UTHOGRAFHER, W. \SHINGTON, 0 c

UNITED STATES PATENT ()rrice.

HENRY L. RUSSELL, OF BLOOMINGTON, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO RUSSELLINDICATOR LOCK COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

INDICATOR-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 232,069, datedSeptember *7, 1880.

Application filed May 19, 1880.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HENRY LEWIS RUssELL, acitizen of the United States, residing at Bloomington, in the county ofMcLean and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Indicator-Padlocks, (Case B and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a partof this specification.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the classof padlocks employing a pivoted shackle; and the object of my inventionis to construct such class of locks upon the same principle as the lockfor which Letters Patent numbered 223,955 were granted to me January 27,1880, with registering and locking mechanism adapted to be operated bydifferently formed and numbered keys. that shall indicate or registerthe number of the key that unlocks it.

My invention also has for its object to render more secure and generallyimprove such class of locks.

My improvements consist in certain novel conbinations of devices and innovel constructions of parts, which will hereinafter specifically bedesignated.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan or face view with onesection of the lock-case removed to show the works andinteriorconstruction, with the parts in the locked positions Fig. 2, asimilar view with the parts in the unlocked positions and the shackleopened Fig. 2 a similar view with the parts in the unlocked positionsbefore removing the key; Fig. 3, a similar view with the parts in thelocked positions and a key locked therein after a partial revolution;Fig. 4, a bottomend view of the lock, Figs-5, 6, 7, and 8, side views ofthe registering-tablets, and Figs. 9

and 10, front views of the same; Figs. 11 and 12, detail views of thetumblers for locking the registering-tablets through the medium of a dogor detent; Figs. 13 and 14, detail views of the locking dogs or de-tentsfor engaging (Model) with the nose of the shackle; Figs. 15 and 16,detail views of the locking-dog that engages with theregistering-tablets; Fig. 17, a front or face view with one section ofthe lock-ease and most of the working parts removed to show the springsand a spring-tumbler connected to the inside of the remaining section ofthe lock-case; Fig. 18, detached side view of the shackle; Fig. 19, asection through the line so a of Fig. 2. Figs. 20 and 21 represent keysNo. 8642 and 12 for operating the lock.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, i willnow proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the drawings, A represents the lock case or shell, made in sectionsand united by a munber of suitably-located rivets, a.

In the upper edge and on the outside of the case or shell of the padlockis a socket, b, in which is a transverse pin, 1), upon and around whichis securely fixed a coiled or spiral spring,

2 7' v Z pioiided with a slightly pioliudmg point, ward-extending platesof the'case or shell A, is fitted the socketed end of the shackle B, thepoint a of the spring I) entering the slot Zrin the socketed end of saidshackle, so that as the shackle is unlocked the tension of the spring bthrows it open.

By this arrangement of an outside socket for the reception of thepivoted end of the shackle, rain and dampness are excluded from theinterior of the case or shell, excepting at the key-hole, which may,however, be covered with a guard.

On the inside of the back plate, A, of the case or shell is a socket, o,for the reception of the flat spring-tumbler 0, having one end securedto said plate A almost directly beneath the key-hole, and thisspring-tumbler is provided with a straight and curved upwardlyprojectingflange, c, all as clearly shown in Fig 17. The straight portion 0 ofsaid flange o engages a slot or recess, (7, (see Fig. 15,) in the bottomor lower side of the pivoted dog or detent D, for the purpose ofsecuring or holding it into engagement with the teeth or serrations ofthe registering-tablets when the key is withdrawn from the lock. Thecurved portion 0 of said flange 0 partially encircles the Over thisspring Z2 and between the upkey-stud f, so that when the key is insertedin the lock it will force the tumbler 0 down, and thus throw it out ofengagement with the dog or detent D.

The registering arrangement in the present instance is composed of fourlike quadrantal tablets, E, pivoted or journaled one above the other onthe central stud, c, and the curved faces of these tablets fit againstthe lower inside face of the rim A of the case or shell A, so that assaid tablets are moved by a key, F, the numbers or otherindicatingcharacters on their curved faces will be shown or seen throughthe aperture a in the bottom of said rim A as clearly represented inFig. 4. The inner or concave edges of these tablets E are provided withteeth or serrations e,with which the tooth d of the pivoted dog ordetent D engages for securing the tablets in any position they may bemoved by a key in unlocking the lock.

The radial arms 6 of the registering-tablets E are held against theabutment G when in their normal position, so that each tablet presents ablank portion of its curved face at the aperture a through the medium ofsprings g, extending from said abutment G and engaging with theprojecting ends 6 of said tablets, as clearly shown in Fig. 3.

The radial arms 1 of the registering-tablets are provided with innercurved shoulders, i, (the curve of each shoulder difiering slightly inits radius, for a purpose to be hereinafter described) against which thekeys of the lock engage for operating or moving said tablets, as shownin detail at Figs.5, 6,7,and 8. These arms I are also provided withnotches or recesses t" justbeyond the curved shoulders i, into which thekey enters after moving the registering-tablets E, to indicate orregister the number of the key being used, and is thus prevented frombeing turned any farther in that direction, as will be hereinafter morefully explained.

H H represent two irregularly-shaped dogs or detents, also pivoted onthe stud e, and actuated by attached springs h h, having their free endsbearing against the upperand inner face of the rim A Each of said dogsor detents H is provided at its upper end with a hook or lug, h, toengage a suitable notch or shoulder, N, on the shackle-nose b, forsecuring the shackle B in a locked or closed position. These dogs ordetents H H, in connection with other operating parts of the lock,constitute very important features of my invention. They are provided atk with curved notches, and against the forward slope of said notches thekey in its partial revolution engages for throwing said dogs or detentsout of engagement with the shackle-nose, for unlocking the shackle 13,while the key, then coming in contact with the rear slope of saidnotches W, is prevented from turning farther in that direction.

The rear and lower ends, h of the dogs or detents H H are brought incontact with the upper edge, d of the V-shaped projection 61 of thepivoted dog or detent D, as clearly shown in Fig. 2-,registering-tablets to indicate or register its number, and commences tomove said dogs or detents H H for unlocking the shackle, thus holdingsaid dogs or detents H H out of engagement with the shackle nose, andalso throwing said dog or detent D into engagement with theregistering-tablets until the key is turned backward and removed, whenthe locking parts will assume the unlocked positions shown in Fig. 2.

The dog or detent D is provided with a supplemental dog or detent, J,actuated by a spring, j, for engaging with the inner and lower notchedends, it, after dogs or detents H H, for holding said locking dogs ordetents H H into engagement with the shackle-nose.

K K represent two pivoted tumblers actuated by springs k is, and havingcurved and tapering portions 7; playing against the inner or concavefaces of, the registeringtablets E, and which pass between theprojecting portion (1 of the dog or detent D and the inner faces of theregistering-tablets, for also securing or holding said dog or detent Dinto engagement with the registering tablets, as clearly shown in Figs.1 and 2.

The tumblers K K are provided with pivoted dogs or detents L L, actuatedby springs l l, and with which the key engages in its forwardrevolution, for throwing said tumblers K K out from between the dog ordetent D and registering-tablets, thus permitting said dog or detent Dto be thrown out of engagement with the registering-tablets through themedium of its actuatii'ig-sming (Z and permitting them to resume theirnormal position, as shown in Fig. 3, and in which position the key isprevented from being turned backward without first being turned forwardto unlock the lock, which will then register its number. The inner facesof the dogs or detents L permit the key to be turned back withoutinterfering or disturbing the position of the tumblers K.

The registeringtablets E, tumblers K K, and dogs or detents H H arearranged in the case or shell in the following manner: One of theregistering-tablets E is first mounted on the stud c. N ext upon saidstud is placed one of the dogs or detents H, andover this is placed oneof the tumblers K. Next upon the stud are placed two of theregistering-tablets E, and next above these are placed duplicates of thedog or detent H and tumbler K, with their faces, however, reversed tothe lower ones, and in both cases the tumbler K fitting in the recessedface h of the dog or detent H, with its eye k over a boss, h, about theeye of said dog or detent, and finally the fourth registerin g-tablet Eis mounted on the stud e.

The object of this arrangement of the registering-tablet, dogs ordetents H H, and tumafter the key has moved the blers K K, is toequalize or distribute the strain upon the ward or wards of the keysused for operating the locks.

In the present instance two keys are shown for operating my improvedlock, one of which is made to register or indicate its number, 8642,when used for unlocking the look, as shown in Figs. 4 and 20, and theother key its numher, 12, as shown in Fig. 21.

This lock will register all numbers from 1 to 9999, and for each numberin this range there is provided a separate key, whose application tothis lock will invariably register a certain combination of numbers, andnone other, and each key will have stamped upon it the number of thecombination it will register.

It is obvious that, instead of usingnumbers or figures for registering,letters or any other indicating-characters might be substitutedtherefor.

It is obvious that one of the pivoted dogsor detents H, and also one ofthe pivoted tumblers K, with its pivoted dog or detent L, might bedispensed with, in which case the remaining dog or detent H and tumblerK, with its dog or detent L, should be cent-rally arranged on the studc, with two of the registering-tablets below and two above them. Also,in case a limited number of keys is desired to be used, the upper andlower registering tablets might be dispensed with.

The object of having the curved shoulderst' of the arms I of theregistering-tablets of different radius is for the purpose of moresecurely preventing the changing of the keys by outside parties tooperate the lock.

The operation of my improved lock is as follows: All the parts being intheir locked positions, as shown in Fig. 1, a key is introduced into thelock and pushed down upon the springtumbler O, which throws and holdsits flange or stud 0 out of engagement with the dog or detent D. Thekey, being then turned to the right, comes in contact with the dogs ordetents L L, throwing the tumblers K K out from between the dog ordetent I) and registering-tablets, which permits said dog or detentD tobe thrown forward out of engagement with said registering-tabletsthrough the medium of its actuating-spring (1 while the registering-tablets,throu gh the medium of their actuating-springs y, will becaused to resume their normal position, as clearly shown in Fig. 3, withtheir radial arms 6 resting against the abutment G, so that each tumblerE presents a blank portion of its curved face at the aperture a in therim A of the shell or case of the lock. In this position of the movingparts of the lock the keyis prevented from beingturned backward to bewithdrawn by the dog or detent D. Consequently, it has to be turnedfarther forward, and in so doing the key engages the curved shoulders iof the arms I of the registering-tablets, and moves them so as toindicate or register the number of the key being used at the aperture 6%The key then comes in contact with the forward slope of the notches ]L2of the dogs or detents H H, which moves them so as to throw their hookedends it out of engagement with the shackle-nose, thus releasing theshackle B and permittingit to be thrown open through the medium of thespring I), as shown in Fig. 2.

During the above described operation of moving the dogs or detents H Htheir lower ends, 11/ come in contact with the edge (I of the dog ordetent D, throwing and securing itinto engagement with theregistering-tablets, and

holding the dogs or detents H H in their unlocked position, as shown inFig. 2, A, the

key being prevented from turning farther forward by its engagement withthe notches t" ,and [L2 in the arms of the registering-tablets and dogsor detents H H. The key can now be turned backward and withdrawn fromthe look; but in so doing the pivoted dogs or de ltents H H will assumethe position shown in Fig. 2,through the medium of their actuatingsprings h, in which position they are secured by the supplemental dog ordetent J of the dog or detent D engaging with the inner and .lowernotched ends, h of said dogs or detents H H, thus preventing their beingforced backward either when the shackle is opened or closed, except bythe insertion ofa key adapted to operate them. It will thus be observedthat a key must be inserted and turned in order to lock or unlock theshackle B, and in so doing it must always operate the registeringmechanism, and thereby indicate or register its number at the aperturea? through the rim A of the case or shell.

Having thus fully described my invention, I do not wish to be understoodas claiming, broadly, in this case locking and registering mechanismadapted to be operated by different formed and numbered keys, wherebythe number of the key used for operating the lock will be indicated orregistered, as that is shown in my former patent, before referred to.

Only such features as are common in this and another patent of mine,bearing even date, relating to indicator padlocks are claimed, broadly,in this case.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In an indicatorpadlock, the combination, with ashackle,of oneor morelocking-tumblers and one or more registering-tablets arrangedsubstantially as described, both said tumblers and tablets beingdirectly operated by any one of a series of difi'erently formed andindicated keys for registering or indicating the particular key used inunlocking the lock, substantially as specified.

IIO

mechanism for preventing the key from being removed therefrom after apartial revolution without first registering its number and unlockingthe lock, substantially as specified.

3. In an indicator-padlock, the combination of a series ofregistering-tablets and one or more intermediate locking-tumblers, bothsaid tumblers and tablets being directly operated by diii'erently formedand indicated keys, and a pivoted dog or detent for securing saidtablets in any position into which they may be moved by a keyinunlocking the lock, substantially as specified.

4. In an indicator-padlock, the combination of a series of movableregistering-tablets for registering any one of a series of differentlyformed and indicated keys, a series of operating-springs, and anabutment, Gr, whereby said tablets are adapted to be thrown or returnedto their normal position previous to being moved by a key forregistering its number in unlocking the lock, substantially asspecified.

5. In an indicator-padlock, the combination, with a shackle, of a seriesof registering-tablets, pivoted locking dog or dogs II, pivoted tumbleror tumblers K, and a pivoted dog, D, substantlally as and for thepurpose herein shown and described.

6. In an indicator-lock, the combination, with a shackle, of a series ofregisteringtablets, locking dog or dogs H, and pivoted dog D, having asupplemental dog, J, adapted to engage with said dog or dogs H,substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

7. In an indicator-padlock, the combination of one or morelocking-tumblers, a series of registering-tablets, a pivoted dog ordetent, I), adapted to engage with said tumbler or tumblers and tablets,and a spring-tumbler, O, for holding said dog or detent in engagementwith said tablets and thrown out of engagement with said dog or detentby a key for operating the lock, substantially in the manner hereinshown and described.

8. In an indicator-padlock, the combination, with theregistering-tablets, of the pivoted dog or detent D, having projectingportion (1 and the pivoted tumbler or tumblers K, having curved andtapering faces k, adapted to pass between said dog or detent D andregisteringtablets, for holding or securing said dog or detent D intoengagement with said registeringtablets, substantially in the mannerherein shown and described.

9. In an indicator-padlock, the combination,

with the registering-tablets, of the pivoted dogor detent D, and tumbleror tumblers K, provided with a pivoted dog or detent, L, substantiallyas and for the purpose herein shown and described.

10. In an indicator-padlock, the combination of the registering-tabletshaving arms I, provided with curved shoulders 2', having differentradius, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

11. In an indicator-padlock, the combination of the registering-tabletshaving arms I, provided with notches i, and the pivoted lockin g dog ordogs H, having a notch or notches, h substantially as and for thepurpose herein shown and described.

12. In an indicator-padlock, thecombination of the registering-tabletshaving notches or serrations e on their inner concave faces, pivoted dogor dogs H, having notches 72 pivoted tumbler or tumblers K, havingpivoted dog or dogs L, pivoted dog D, and springtumbler G, substantiallyas and for the purpose herein shown and described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HENRY LEWIS RUSSELL.

Witnesses DEWI'rCr O. ALLEN, ALBERT H. KRAUSE.

